Colorful woven fabrics in Kamer Fabric

Clothing has emerged with the need to protect the human body from external factors and to cover at the same time. Today, clothing has been developed in a way that serves many purposes. Such as dressing up and adapting to the conditions required by the working environment, in addition to these needs. These developments are increasing day by day.

Fabric and clothing style play an important role in religious and social beliefs. From the earliest recorded history, a person’s clothing can give us an instant glimpse of their socio-economic status.

How are fabrics produced, which are the basic materials of clothing that you can find everywhere from luxury boutique stores to street markets? We will share with you the journey of fabric from raw material to clothing.

Raw Materials That Make up the Fabric

The raw materials that make up the fabric can be divided into three separate categories:  Those derived from natural plant sources, those derived from animals, and those made by man.

Cotton; material comes from the cotton plant and is harvested by machine, then sent to a cotton processing plant. There, it passes through a series of rollers that clean the seeds, remove any debris or dirt, and separate the material into bales.

Linen; The flax plant is used to make flax. Plants are manually pulled from the ground, flattened to remove seeds, and combed to separate fibers in preparation for fabric production.

Silk; This material is made by harvesting silkworm cocoons, which are covered with a thin layer of silk filament that is softened and then extracted as a single thread. This thread will be twisted a few more times before moving on to the next production step, as single threads are too thin to work with.

Rayon; Invented in the late 19th century, this material is a popular alternative to silk. It is made by passing cellulose through a machine called a spinneret. This machine is similar to a showerhead and turns cellulose from a liquid into a solid filament. Cellulose itself is a simple sugar polymer derived from plants.

Nylon; Nylon can truly be called the first man-made fiber. While it is produced in the same way as rayon, the ingredients that go into nylon production are not derived from plant sources. Nylon is made from coal and petroleum by-products, water, and air.

Polyester; This material is a step up from nylon and rayon in strength and versatility. It is also produced by passing chemicals through a strand, while the chemicals used for polyester are derived from petrol.

Wool; Sheep wool is shortened and the resulting wool is washed and combed or rearranged so that it is easier to convert into the fabric. It can be made by hand or machine and produces a square mat of fiber.

Fabric Production Process

There are three basic steps required for fabric production. The first step in creating fabric is yarn production. The raw materials harvested and processed here are transformed from raw fibers into yarns and threads. This is done by rotating the fibers. Spinning can be done by hand, but this process is rather tedious and time-consuming. These days, the vast majority of spinning is done with a spinning wheel. As the fibers are pulled along the wheel and rotated, the fibers gather on a cylindrical object called a bobbin. The bobbin now holds the twisted fibers that are attached to a long thread or thread of yarn. In the next step, the bobbins will be transferred to another machine where the yarn will continue its journey into the fabric.

Once the raw materials have been turned into yarn, they are ready for the second step in the manufacturing process, which involves putting these individual yarns together to form the fabric.

1- Fabric Formation by Weaving Method

Weaving is one of the surface forming techniques in textile. The fabrics formed by the connection of two thread systems at right angles according to certain rules are called weaving.

In weaving, the warp threads are parall el to each other in a certain number and side by side. Passing the weft thread through the warp layer that needs to move in the direction of the weaving and incorporating it into the fabric are the basic operations that are constantly repeated.

This process is done on a machine known as a loom and requires two sets of yarn. The first set, called the warp set, is tautly stretched across a metal frame. The second, called the weft, is attached to metal rods with one thread per rod. The loom is controlled by a computer that lets the weft know how the fabric should be woven.

weaving machine in Kamer Fabric

2- Fabric Formation by Circular Knitting Method

Circular knitting machines are knitting machines in which the needles are arranged on a circular bed (cylinder or cylinder cover), and accordingly, other knitting elements are placed in a circular manner suitable for the needles. In general, needles and needle beds work according to the movable, thread, or steel fixed system.

Circular knitting machines are formed by arranging the needles around the cylinders to increase the production speed. Generally, the thread is fixed and the needles work on the movable principle. Knitting occurs in a circular plane and forms a tube of fabric. Knitting is knitted by placing fixed cams around the cylinder and rotating the cylinder on which the needles are located. The knitted braid is pulled down through the cylinder of the machine. The threads are fed into the systems from above.

Our Knitted Fabric Collectiions…..

3- Nonwoven Fabric Method

Non-woven textiles are technical textile products that are produced for special uses and have a very low cost according to their usage time. It can have liquid attractant, liquid repellent, flexible, robust, soft, stretchy, fire retardant, filtering, antibacterial properties. In non-woven textiles, the main raw material is fiber. Fiber is divided into two as natural or synthetic. In use, it can be used as a discontinuous fiber or a continuous fiber (filament).

Non-woven surface; It can also be defined as a fabric formed from natural or artificial fibers in staple or filament form, excluding the paper, not converted into yarn and bonded by any of the many bonding techniques.

non woven machine in Kamer Fabric